Scientific Sessions

Pediatric and congenital heart diseases encompass a wide spectrum of structural and functional abnormalities of the heart and great vessels that develop before birth. These conditions, which include septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot, and transposition of the great arteries, represent the most common type of birth defect globally. Advances in fetal echocardiography and prenatal imaging have enabled early detection, allowing for timely intervention and improved survival rates. Postnatal diagnostic techniques such as echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and cardiac catheterization further enhance the understanding of cardiac anatomy and function in affected infants and children. Over the past few decades, major progress in neonatal care, surgical techniques, and perioperative management has dramatically improved outcomes for even the most complex congenital lesions.

Modern management of pediatric and congenital heart diseases emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach involving pediatric cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, intensivists, and genetic counselors. Minimally invasive procedures, such as transcatheter closure of septal defects and balloon valvuloplasty, now offer alternatives to open-heart surgery, reducing recovery time and hospital stays. Additionally, advances in cardiac surgery—including staged repairs and the use of 3D-printed heart models for pre-surgical planning—have enhanced precision and long-term prognosis. Beyond surgical correction, ongoing research in regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy, and genetic engineering holds promise for repairing or regenerating damaged cardiac tissue. Lifelong follow-up and transition to adult congenital heart care are essential for monitoring late complications and ensuring quality of life. Together, these innovations have transformed the outlook for children born with heart defects, offering hope for a healthy and active future.